Pyside GUI Application Development Second Edition

[ 1 ] www.allitebooks.com PySide GUI Application Development Second Edition Develop more dynamic and robust GUI applications using PySide, an open source cross-platform UI framework Gopinath Jaganmohan Venkateshwaran Loganathan BIRMINGHAM - MUMBAI www.allitebooks.com PySide GUI Application Development Second Edition Copyright © 2016 Packt Publishing All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, without the prior written permission of the publisher, except in the case of brief quotations embedded in critical articles or reviews. Every effort has been made in the preparation of this book to ensure the accuracy of the information presented. However, the information contained in this book is sold without warranty, either express or implied. Neither the authors nor Packt Publishing, and its dealers and distributors will be held liable for any damages caused or alleged to be caused directly or indirectly by this book. Packt Publishing has endeavored to provide trademark information about all of the companies and products mentioned in this book by the appropriate use of capitals. However, Packt Publishing cannot guarantee the accuracy of this information. First published: October 2013 Second Edition: January 2016 Production reference: 1200116 Published by Packt Publishing Ltd. Livery Place 35 Livery Street Birmingham B3 2PB, UK. ISBN 978-1-78528-245-4 www.packtpub.com www.allitebooks.com Credits Authors Project Coordinator Gopinath Jaganmohan Shipra Chauhan Venkateshwaran Loganathan Proofreader Reviewer Safis Editing Sivan Greenberg Indexer Commissioning Editor Monica Ajmera Mehta Dipika Gaonkar Graphics Acquisition Editors Disha Haria Greg Wild Meeta Rajani Production Coordinator Conidon Miranda Content Development Editor Mamata Walkar Cover Work Conidon Miranda Technical Editor Siddhesh Patil Copy Editor Priyanka Ravi www.allitebooks.com About the Authors Gopinath Jaganmohan is an Internet of Things evangelist and open source distributed-computing architect. He has 14 years of experience in various industries and has architected and lead implementation in Internet of Things platforms and solutions for enterprise in Telematics, Healthcare, and Wearables. He has worked on various technologies starting from C, Python, Lua, to Node.js, and implemented Big Data technologies like Hbase, Couchbase and ZooKeeper for various clients. He is passionate about device programming and device integration. He is lately working on deep learning technologies like Keras, scikit, Torch7 and Pandas in machine learning for device data. Venkateshwaran Loganathan is an eminent software developer who has been involved in the design, development, and testing of software products for more than five years now. He was introduced to computer programming at an early age of 11 with FoxPro, and he then started to learn and master various computer languages, such as C, C++, Perl, Python, Node.js, and Unix shell scripting. Fascinated by open source development, he has involved himself in contributing to various open source technologies. He is now working for Cognizant Technology Solutions as a technology specialist where he has involved himself in research and development for the Internet of Things domain. He is now actively involved in using RFID devices, Drones, and Google Glass to evolve Future of Technology concepts. Before joining with Cognizant, he worked with few of the IT majors, such as Infosys, Virtusa, and NuVeda. Starting his career as a network developer, he gained expertise in various domains, such as Networking, E-Learning, and HealthCare. He has won various awards and accolades to his merit in the companies he has worked for. www.allitebooks.com Venkateshwaran holds a bachelor's degree in Computer Science and Engineering from Anna University and an M.S in software systems from BITS, Pilani. Apart from programming, he is actively involved in handling various technical and soft skills classes for budding engineers and college students. His hobbies include singing and trekking. He likes to get involved with social servicing and move with people a lot. You can write to him at [email protected]. I am indebted to many. First of all, I would like to thank my mother, Anbuselvi, and grandmother, Saraswathi, for their endless effort and perseverance in bringing me up to this level. I am thankful to the entire team at Packt for accepting my proposal in bringing out a book of this kind. I would like to especially mention Meeta, Neil, and Amigya for their valuable guidance throughout the writing of the manuscript. I am very grateful to my technical reviewers, Oscar Campos, and Jibo He, for reviewing the manuscript and providing me with constructive feedback that helped me shape the content. I would also like to extend my sincere gratitude to my professors, Senthil Kumar, and Radhika, for guiding me and encouraging me in all my spheres of life. I would not be very kind if I missed thanking my sister, Kamala, and my aunt, Kalavathi, for all the hope and love they have towards me. I would also like to thank all my friends and brothers as their list is too big to mention here. They all have been my well-wishers and helped me in my tough times. I have missed many people here, but my thanks are always due to them who directly or indirectly influenced my life. Above all, thanks to The Almighty for the showers of blessings on me. www.allitebooks.com About the Reviewer Sivan Greenberg has over 15 years of multidisciplinary information technology expertise and a sharp eye for quality. He became an open source contributor for the Debian project back in 2002, joining Ubuntu two years later. Sivan's contribution can be found, literally, all over the world of open source. Sivan is a true jack of all trades with massive engineering and leadership experience. He uses Python for all of his development needs ever since it was pitched to him by The SABDFL and the Ubuntu community. Currently, he runs Vitakka.co, a rapid development consultancy firm together with a team of veterans of long open source fame. They enable start-ups to realize and implement their MVPs so that they can bootstrap quickly and easily by acquiring customers and getting noticed by VCs. The team's mastery of everything cloud, software, engineering, operations, and product management make this an extremely high quality game-changing process. I would like to thank my Mom, Helena, and my family—Moshik, Shir, and Eric. You're the fuel that makes me tick. Mom, you planted and nurtured the seeds of knowledge in me. www.allitebooks.com www.PacktPub.com Support files, eBooks, discount offers, and more For support files and downloads related to your book, please visitwww.PacktPub.com . 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Simply use your login credentials for immediate access. www.allitebooks.com www.allitebooks.com Table of Contents Preface v Chapter 1: Getting Started with PySide 1 Introducing PySide 2 Hello, GUI 2 Setting up PySide 4 Installing PySide using Windows 4 Installing PySide using Mac OS X 4 Installing PySide using Linux 5 Building PySide on Windows 6 Building PySide on Linux 7 Prerequisites 7 Building PySide 7 Mac OS X 8 Importing PySide objects 8 First PySide application 9 Exception handling as a practice 12 Summary 14 Chapter 2: Entering through Windows 15 Creating a simple window 15 Creating the application icon 19 Showing a tooltip 24 Adding a button 26 Centering the window on the screen 28 About box 29 Tracking time using timers 30 Windows style 34 Summary 35 [ i ] www.allitebooks.com Table of Contents Chapter 3: Main Windows and Layout Management 37 Creating the main window 38 Status bar 39 Menu bar 43 The central widget 44 Adding a menu bar 45 Adding menus 46 Toolbar 50 Layout management 50 Absolute positioning 51 Layout containers 51 QBoxLayout 52 QHBoxLayout 53 QVBoxLayout 54 QGridLayout 55 QFormLayout 56 QStackedLayout 56 SDI and MDI 57 A simple text editor 57 Summary 63 Chapter 4: Events and Signals 65 Event management 65 Event loop 66 Event processing 67 Reimplementing event handlers 67 Installing event filters 71 Reimplementing the notify() function 73 Signals and slots 73 Drag and drop technique 78 Drawing shapes 80 Graphics and effects 83 Summary 86 Chapter 5: Dialogs and Widgets 87 Built-in dialogs 88 QFileDialog 88 QInputDialog 91 QColorDialog 93 QPrintDialog 94 Custom dialogs 95 [ ii ] Table of Contents Widgets at a glance 97 Custom widget 100 Implementation of MDI 102 Summary 104 Chapter 6: Database Handling 105 Connecting to the database 105 Executing SQL queries 107 Executing a query 108 Inserting, updating and deleting records 108 Navigating records 110 Database transactions 111 Table and form views 112 QSqlQueryModel 112 QSqlTableModel 112 QSqlRelationalTableModel 113 Table view 114 Form view 116 Viewing relations in table views 119 Summary 120 Index 121 [ iii ] Preface The aim of this book is to introduce you to developing GUI applications in an easy way.

C/C++ programming with Qt 5.12.6 and OpenCV 4.2.0 Preparation of the computer • Download http://download.qt.io/archive/qt/5.12/5.12.6/qt-opensource-windows- x86-5.12.6.exe and http://www.ensta-bretagne.fr/lebars/Share/OpenCV4.2.0.zip (contains OpenCV with extra modules built for Visual Studio 2015, 2017, 2019, MinGW Qt 5.12.6 x86, MinGW 8 x64), run Qt installer and select Qt\Qt 5.12.6\MinGW 7.3.0 32 bit and Qt\Tools\MinGW 7.3.0 32 bit options and extract OpenCV4.2.0.zip in C:\ (check that the extraction did not create an additional parent folder (we need to get only C:\OpenCV4.2.0\ instead of C:\OpenCV4.2.0\OpenCV4.2.0\), right-click and choose Run as administrator if needed). For Linux or macOS, additional/different steps might be necessary depending on the specific versions (and the provided .pro might need to be tweaked), see https://www.ensta-bretagne.fr/lebars/Share/setup_opencv_Ubuntu.pdf ; corresponding OpenCV sources : https://github.com/opencv/opencv/archive/4.2.0.zip and https://github.com/opencv/opencv_contrib/archive/4.2.0.zip ; Qt Linux 64 bit : https://download.qt.io/archive/qt/5.12/5.12.6/qt-opensource-linux-x64-5.12.6.run (for Ubuntu you can try sudo apt install qtcreator qt5-default build-essential but the version will probably not be the same); Qt macOS : https://download.qt.io/archive/qt/5.12/5.12.6/qt-opensource-mac-x64-5.12.6.dmg .

Python Qt tutorial Documentation Release 0.0 Thomas P. Robitaille Jun 11, 2018 Contents 1 Installing 3 2 Part 1 - Hello, World! 5 3 Part 2 - Buttons and events 7 4 Part 3 - Laying out widgets 9 5 Part 4 - Dynamically updating widgets 13 i ii Python Qt tutorial Documentation, Release 0.0 This is a short tutorial on using Qt from Python. There are two main versions of Qt in use (Qt4 and Qt5) and several Python libraries to use Qt from Python (PyQt and PySide), but rather than picking one of these, this tutorial makes use of the QtPy package which provides a way to use whatever Python Qt package is available. This is not meant to be a completely exhaustive tutorial but just a place to start if you’ve never done Qt development before, and it will be expanded over time. Contents 1 Python Qt tutorial Documentation, Release 0.0 2 Contents CHAPTER 1 Installing 1.1 conda If you use conda to manage your Python environment (for example as part of Anaconda or Miniconda), you can easily install Qt, PyQt5, and QtPy (a common interface to all Python Qt bindings) using: conda install pyqt qtpy 1.2 pip If you don’t make use of conda, an easy way to install Qt, PyQt5, and QtPy is to do: pip install pyqt5 qtpy 3 Python Qt tutorial Documentation, Release 0.0 4 Chapter 1. Installing CHAPTER 2 Part 1 - Hello, World! To start off, we need to create a QApplication object, which represents the overall application: from qtpy.QtWidgets import QApplication app= QApplication([]) You will always need to ensure that a QApplication object exists, otherwise your Python script will terminate with an error if you try and use any other Qt objects.

Testing PySide/PyQt Code Using the pytest framework and pytest-qt Florian Bruhin “The Compiler” Bruhin Software 06. November 2019 Qt World Summit, Berlin About me • 2011: Started using Python • 2013: Started using PyQt and developing qutebrowser • 2015: Switched to pytest, ended up as a maintainer • 2017: qutebrowser v1.0.0, QtWebEngine by default • 2019: 40% employed, 60% open-source and freelancing (Bruhin Software) Giving trainings and talks at various conferences and companies! Relevant Python features Decorators registered_functions: List[Callable] = [] def register(f: Callable) -> Callable: registered_functions.append(f) return f @register def func() -> None: . Relevant Python features Context Managers def write_file() -> None: with open("test.txt", "w") as f: f.write("Hello World") Defining your own: Object with special __enter__ and __exit__ methods. Relevant Python features Generators/yield def gen_values() -> Iterable[int] for i in range(4): yield i print(gen_values()) # print(list(gen_values())) # [0, 1, 2, 3] PyQt • Started in 1998 (!) by Riverbank Computing • GPL/commercial • Qt4 $ PyQt4 Qt5 $ PyQt5 PySide / Qt for Python • Started in 2009 by Nokia • Unmaintained for a long time • Since 2016: Officially maintained by the Qt Company again • LGPL/commercial • Qt4 $ PySide Qt5 $ PySide2 (Qt for Python) Qt and Python import sys from PySide2.QtWidgets import QApplication, QWidget, QPushButton if __name__ == "__main__": app = QApplication(sys.argv) window = QWidget() button = QPushButton("Don't

AnAn IntroductionIntroduction toto QtQt 44 Jason Trent [email protected] OOuutltliinnee . Why Trolltech? . Why Qt? . Qt 4 Widgets, Datatypes, and Structures . Qt Designer . qmake . Qt without C++ . Demo WWhhyy TTrroolllltetecchh?? .. QQtt aanndd QQttooppiiaa CCoorree aarree OOppeenn SSoouurrccee .. SSuuppppoorrtteedd bbyy mmuullttii--mmiilllliioonn ddoollllaarr ccoommppaannyy WWhhyy QQt?t? .. MMuullttii--ppllaattffoorrmm – No “virtual machines” or emulation layers – Native compilation for Windows, X11, and Mac • Utilizes core OS technologies (Core, Aero, …) – Extensions - ActiveQt, Motif Migration WWhhyy QQt?t? Over 400 C++ Classes . Not just a GUI toolkit – File handling – Networking – Process handling – Threading – Database access – Event loop processing – XML processing – OpenGL integration – and beyond WWhhyy QQt?t? .. IInntteerrnnaattiioonnaalliizzaattiioonn – Built in support for Unicode and Translation • Language and font aware layouts • Bidirectional font support • Mixed-international interface .. SSeeee QQtt LLiinngguuiisstt ffoorr mmoorree WWhhyy QQt?t? .. NNoott jjuusstt mmuuttllii--ppllaattiiffoorrmm,, mmuullttii--aarrcchhiitteeccttuurree .. QQttooppiiaa CCoorree 44 SSeerriieess – Support for embedded devices • Cell phones, PDAs, etc… – Supports Qt4 widgets with little to no code change QQWWiiddggeett TThhee mmeeeekk mmaayy iinnhheerriitt tthhee eeaarrtthh…… ……bbuutt tthhee eeaarrtthh sshhaallll iinnhheerriitt QQWWiiddggeett QWidget QQtt 44 WWiiddggeetsts .. IInnhheerriitt tthhee aallll--ppoowweerrffuull QQWWiiddggeett .. IInncclluuddee::

About Qt Qt is a framework to develop cross-platform applications. Currently, the supported platforms are Windows, Linux, macOS, Android, iOS, Embedded Linux and some others. Genarally, it means that the programmer may develop the code on one platform but compile, link and run it on another platform. But it also means that Qt needs help: to develop software it must cooperate with development tools on specific platforms, for example in case of Windows with Visual Studio. Qt is well-known for its tools for developing graphical user interfaces (GUI) , but it also provides powerful tools for threads, networking and communication (Bluetooth, serial port, web), 3D graphics, multimedia, SQL databases, etc. Qt has its own Integrated Development Environment (IDE): QtCreator. History: 1991: version 1.0 as cross-platform GUI programming toolkit was developed and implemented by TrollTech (Norway). 2005: version 4.0 was a big step ahead but the compatibility with older versions was lost. 2008: TrollTech was sold to Nokia. 2012: Nokia Qt division was sold to Digia (Finland). 2014: Digia transferred the Qt business to Qt Company. The latest Long Term Support (LTS) version is 5.12. Official website: https://www.qt.io/ Installation The link is https://www.qt.io/download. Select the non-commercial and open source version. It may be possible that you must register yourself creating a new passworded account. Select the latest stable release and the C/C++ development system(s) you are going to use. Tip: the Qt installer proposes to store the stuff in folder C:\Qt. To avoid later complications, agree.

Qt Long Term Support Jeramie disapprove chorally as moreish Biff jostling her canneries co-author impassably. Rudolfo never anatomise any redemptioner sauces appetizingly, is Torre lexical and overripe enough? Post-free Adolph usually stetted some basidiospores or flutes effeminately. Kde qt versions to the tests should be long qt term support for backing up qt company What will i, long qt term support for sale in the long. It is hard not even wonder what our cost whereas the Qt community or be. Please enter your support available to long term support available to notify others of the terms. What tests are needed? You should i restarted the terms were examined further development and will be supported for arrhythmia, or the condition? Define ad slots and config. Also, have a look at the comments below for new findings. You later need to compile your own Qt against a WEC SDK which is typically shipped by the BSP vendor. If system only involve half open the features of Qt Commercial, vision will not warrant the full price. Are you javer for long term support life cycles that supports the latter occurs earlier that opens up. Cmake will be happy to dry secretions, mutation will i could be seen at. QObjects can also send signals to themselves. Q_DECL_CONSTEXPR fix memory problem. Enables qt syndrome have long term in terms and linux. There has been lots of hype around the increasing role that machine learning, and artificial intelligence more broadly, will play in how we automate the management of IT systems. Vf noninducible at qt and long term in terms were performed at.

async_gui Documentation Release 0.1.1 Roman Haritonov Aug 21, 2017 Contents 1 Usage 1 1.1 Installation. 1 1.2 First steps. 1 1.3 Tasks in threads. 2 1.4 Tasks in processes. 3 1.5 Tasks in greenlets. 3 1.6 Returning result. 3 2 Supported GUI toolkits 5 3 API 7 3.1 engine. 7 3.2 tasks. 8 3.3 gevent_tasks. 9 4 Indices and tables 11 Python Module Index 13 i ii CHAPTER 1 Usage Installation Install with pip or easy_install: $ pip install --upgrade async_gui or download latest version from GitHub: $ git clone https://github.com/reclosedev/async_gui.git $ cd async_gui $ python setup.py install To run tests: $ python setup.py test First steps First create Engine instance corresponding to your GUI toolkit (see Supported GUI toolkits): from async_gui.tasks import Task from async_gui.toolkits.pyqt import PyQtEngine engine= PyQtEngine() It contains decorator @engine.async which allows you to write asynchronous code in serial way without callbacks. Example button click handler: @engine.async def on_button_click(self, *args): self.status_label.setText("Downloading image. ") 1 async_gui Documentation, Release 0.1.1 # Run single task in separate thread

CIS192 Python Programming Graphical User Interfaces Robert Rand University of Pennsylvania November 19, 2015 Robert Rand (University of Pennsylvania) CIS 192 November 19, 2015 1 / 20 Outline 1 Graphical User Interface Tkinter Other Graphics Modules 2 Text User Interface curses Other Text Interface Modules Robert Rand (University of Pennsylvania) CIS 192 November 19, 2015 2 / 20 Tkinter The module Tkinter is a wrapper of the graphics library Tcl/Tk Why choose Tkinter over other graphics modules I It’s bundled with Python so you don’t need to install anything I It’s fast I Guido van Rossum helped write the Python interface The docs for Tkinter aren’t that good I The docs for Tk/Tcl are much better I Tk/Tcl functions translate well to Tkinter I It’s helpful to learn the basic syntax of Tk/Tcl Tk/Tcl syntax ! Python: I class .var_name -key1 val1 -key2 val2 ! var_name = class(key1=val1, key2=val2) I .var_name method -key val ! var_name.method(key=val) Robert Rand (University of Pennsylvania) CIS 192 November 19, 2015 3 / 20 Bare Bones Tkinter from Tkinter import Frame class SomeApp(Frame): def __init__(self, master=None): tk.Frame.__init__(self, master) def main(): root = tk.Tk() app = SomeApp(master=root) app.mainloop() if __name__ ==’__main__’: main() Robert Rand (University of Pennsylvania) CIS 192 November 19, 2015 4 / 20 Images By default, Tkinter only supports bitmap, gif, and ppm/pgm images More images are supported with Pillow Pillow is a fork of Python Imaging Library pip install pillow from PIL import Image, ImageTk Create a PIL

PyQt for Autodesk Maya 2015 64bit Written by Cyrille Fauvel – Autodesk Developer Network (April 2013) Updated by Vijaya Prakash – Autodesk Developer Network (April 2014) Additional Qt instructions available here - http://around-the-corner.typepad.com/adn/2014/04/building-sip-and-pyqt-for-maya-2015.html Building SIP, and PyQt for Maya 2015 PyQt [http://www.riverbankcomputing.co.uk] is a python binding to the Qt library. Because Maya uses Qt internally, you can use the PyQt modules in Maya python scripts to create custom UI. PyQt does not have the same licensing as Maya, Qt, or Python. Please consult the PyQt website for information about licensing for PyQt. Download PyQt: http://www.riverbankcomputing.com/static/Downloads/PyQt4/ Download SIP: http://www.riverbankcomputing.com/software/sip/download The following are instructions for building a copy of the PyQt modules that have been known to work with Maya. Maya 2015 uses Qt4.8.5 which is binary compatible with the latest version of PyQt - 4.10.4 / SIP - 4.15.5 (at time of writing, April 2014). However, you do not have to use these versions if you prefer using an older version, all you need is to use a version compatible with Qt4.8.5. Note that it’s important to use the Maya modified version of the Qt source code. A copy of the customized Qt 4.8.5 source is available from Autodesk's Open Source web-site (http://www.autodesk.com/lgplsource) and includes text files describing how to configure, build and install Qt for each platform supported by Maya.

EPICS Qt Update Paul Martin 1 Australian Synchrotron • 3GeV, 216m circumference synchrotron • 8 Beamlines • 12 Software Engineers • IMBL – Worlds Widest Beam - MRT Clinical Program – Safety Critical • Melbourne, Australia • Nearest other facilities: Taiwan, Thailand, Japan • 16th Most Urbanized Country • World’s most livable cities • Hosting ICALEPCS in 2015 2 Qt • Qt is a cross-platform application and UI framework for developers using C++ – Windows,OS X, Linux, Embedded Linux, Android, iOS, vxWorks, Win CE, Amiga OS • Open Source (LPGL v2.1) Qt Designer • Trolltech -> Nokia -> Digia, • Development tools: Qt Creator, Qt Designer, Qmake, Qt Linguist, Qt Assistant, Integration into Visual Studio • Rich set of Widgets and other classes (1000+), Qwt (125+) • Very Good Documentation, help, examples • All Qt Objects contain powerful object communication Qt Creator mechanism (Signal+Slots) • GUI Layout widgets • Qt Project: www.qt-project.org 3 EPICS Qt – Team • Started 2009 – Anthony Owen, Andrew Rhyder, Glenn Jackson • Joined 2011 – Andy Starritt • Joined 2012 – Ricardo Fernandez • Joined 2013 – Zai Wang (1 year contract) 4 EPICS Qt – Rapid GUI Development • Adds Channel Access to standard Qt Widgets and Data Classes • Rapid GUI Dev – Drag and Drop EPICS aware components in Qt Designer • Macro Substitutions for PV names and other GUI functions Qt Designer Channel Access running at design time .ui file – presented using QEGui on any platform (windows / linux) 5 EPICS Qt – Other App Types QCaString Qt Creator QCaInteger QCaFloating QCaByteArray

kdesrc-build Script Manual Michael Pyne Carlos Woelz kdesrc-build Script Manual 2 Contents 1 Introduction 8 1.1 A brief introduction to kdesrc-build . .8 1.1.1 What is kdesrc-build? . .8 1.1.2 kdesrc-build operation ‘in a nutshell’ . .8 1.2 Documentation Overview . .9 2 Getting Started 10 2.1 Preparing the System to Build KDE . 10 2.1.1 Setup a new user account . 10 2.1.2 Ensure your system is ready to build KDE software . 10 2.1.3 Setup kdesrc-build . 12 2.1.3.1 Install kdesrc-build . 12 2.1.3.2 Prepare the configuration file . 12 2.1.3.2.1 Manual setup of configuration file . 12 2.2 Setting the Configuration Data . 13 2.3 Using the kdesrc-build script . 14 2.3.1 Loading project metadata . 14 2.3.2 Previewing what will happen when kdesrc-build runs . 14 2.3.3 Resolving build failures . 15 2.4 Building specific modules . 16 2.5 Setting the Environment to Run Your KDEPlasma Desktop . 17 2.5.1 Automatically installing a login driver . 18 2.5.1.1 Adding xsession support for distributions . 18 2.5.1.2 Manually adding support for xsession . 18 2.5.2 Setting up the environment manually . 19 2.6 Module Organization and selection . 19 2.6.1 KDE Software Organization . 19 2.6.2 Selecting modules to build . 19 2.6.3 Module Sets . 20 2.6.3.1 The basic module set concept . 20 2.6.3.2 Special Support for KDE module sets .

Multiplatformní GUI toolkity GTK+ a Qt Jan Outrata KATEDRA INFORMATIKY UNIVERZITA PALACKÉHO V OLOMOUCI GUI toolkit (widget toolkit) (1) = programová knihovna (nebo kolekce knihoven) implementující prvky GUI = widgety (tlačítka, seznamy, menu, posuvník, bary, dialog, okno atd.) a umožňující tvorbu GUI (grafického uživatelského rozhraní) aplikace vlastní jednotný nebo nativní (pro platformu/systém) vzhled widgetů, možnost stylování nízkoúrovňové (Xt a Xlib v X Windows System a libwayland ve Waylandu na unixových systémech, GDI Windows API, Quartz a Carbon v Apple Mac OS) a vysokoúrovňové (MFC, WTL, WPF a Windows Forms v MS Windows, Cocoa v Apple Mac OS X, Motif/Lesstif, Xaw a XForms na unixových systémech) multiplatformní = pro více platforem (MS Windows, GNU/Linux, Apple Mac OS X, mobilní) nebo platformově nezávislé (Java) – aplikace může být také (většinou) událostmi řízené programování (event-driven programming) – toolkit v hlavní smyčce zachytává události (uživatelské od myši nebo klávesnice, od časovače, systému, aplikace samotné atd.) a umožňuje implementaci vlastních obsluh (even handler, callback function), objektově orientované programování (objekty = widgety aj.) – nevyžaduje OO programovací jazyk! Jan Outrata (Univerzita Palackého v Olomouci) Multiplatformní GUI toolkity duben 2015 1 / 10 GUI toolkit (widget toolkit) (2) language binding = API (aplikační programové rozhraní) toolkitu v jiném prog. jazyce než původní API a toolkit samotný GUI designer/builder = WYSIWYG nástroj pro tvorbu GUI s využitím toolkitu, hierarchicky skládáním prvků, z uloženého XML pak generuje kód nebo GUI vytvoří za běhu aplikace nekomerční (GNU (L)GPL, MIT, open source) i komerční licence např. GTK+ (C), Qt (C++), wxWidgets (C++), FLTK (C++), CEGUI (C++), Swing/JFC (Java), SWT (Java), JavaFX (Java), Tcl/Tk (Tcl), XUL (XML) aj.